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Android开发04—Android常用高级控件（下）

分类: IT文章 • 2023-03-11 22:16:25
Android开发04—Android常用高级控件（上）
Android开发04—Android常用高级控件（上）

1. 自动完成文本框
AutoCompleteTextView类继承自EditText类。自动完成文本框的外观与文本框没什么区别，只是当用户输入某些文字时，会自动出现下拉菜单显示与输入文字相关的信息。
自动完成文本框可以在XML文件中使用属性进行设置，也可以在Java代码中通过方法进行设置。

实例：
main.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:id="@+id/linearLayout1">
        <AutoCompleteTextView android:text="AutoCompleteTextView" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/autoCompleteTextView1"></AutoCompleteTextView>
    </LinearLayout>

Activity:
package qijia.si;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;




public class MyAndroidProject extends Activity {
		
	private static final String[] myStr = new String[]{
			"aaa","bbb","ccc","aab","aac","aad"
			
	};	//常量数组用于提示
	/** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        ArrayAdapter<String> aa = new ArrayAdapter<String>(
        		this,
        		android.R.layout.simple_dropdown_item_1line,
        		myStr
        );//使用适配器
    	AutoCompleteTextView myAuto = (AutoCompleteTextView) findViewById(R.id.autoCompleteTextView1);
    	myAuto.setAdapter(aa);
    	myAuto.setThreshold(1);
    }
}

2. 滚动视图
ScrollView类继承自FrameLayout类。ScrollView其实是一个帧布局，一般情况下，其中的控件是按照线性进行布局的，用户可以对其进行滚动。
ScrollView既可以在XML中配置也可在Java代码中进行配置。
ScrollView的使用方法比较简单，只需要将需要滚动的控件添加到ScrollView中即可。ScrollView同一时刻只能包含一个View。

具体方法：
package qijia.si;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ScrollView;
import android.widget.TextView;




public class MyAndroidProject extends Activity {
		
	ScrollView scrollView;
	String msg = "我是字符串，我很长很长！我是字符串，我很长很长！";
	String str = "";
	
	/** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        scrollView = new ScrollView(this);
        TextView tv = new TextView(this);
        tv.setTextSize(23);
        for(int i = 0;i<10;i++){
        	str = str + msg;
        }
        tv.setText(str);
        scrollView.addView(tv);
        setContentView(scrollView);
        
    }  
}


3. 列表视图
ListView类是一种列表视图，将ListAdapter所提供的各个控件显示在一个垂直且可以滚动的列表中。
该类使用方法简单，只需要先初始化所需要得数据，然后创建适配器并将其设置给ListView，ListView便将信息以列表的形式显示到页面中。

使用案例：

string.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <string name="app_name">AbsoluteExample</string>
    <string name="hello">您选择了</string>
    <string name="andy">Andy Rubin \nAndroid的创造者之一</string>
    <string name="Bill">Bill Joy \nJava创造者之一</string>
    <string name="edgar">Edgar F. Codd \n关系数据库之父</string>
    <string name="torvalds">Linus Torvalds \nLinux之父</string>
    <string name="turing">Turing Alan \nIT的祖师爷</string>
    <string name="ys">您选择了</string>
</resources>

colors.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <color name="white">#ffffff</color>
    <color name="red">#ff0000</color>
    <color name="black">#000000</color>
    <color name="green">#00ff00</color>
    <color name="gray">#050505</color>
    <color name="blue">#0000ff</color>
</resources>
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:id="@+id/linearLayout1" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent">
        <TextView android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:textSize="24dip" android:textColor="@color/white" android:text="@string/hello"></TextView>
        <ListView android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/listView1" android:choiceMode="singleChoice"></ListView>
    </LinearLayout>
  
  
   
   

Activity:
package qijia.si;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.drawable.AnimationDrawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.AutoCompleteTextView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Gallery;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.ScrollView;
import android.widget.TextView;




public class MyAndroidProject extends Activity {
		
	int[] drawableIds = {R.drawable.andy,R.drawable.bill,R.drawable.edgar,R.drawable.torvalds,
				R.drawable.turing};
	int[] msgIds = {R.string.andy,R.string.Bill,R.string.edgar,R.string.torvalds,R.string.turing};
	/** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);   
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        ListView lv = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listView1);
        
        BaseAdapter ba = new BaseAdapter(){
        	public int  getCount() {return 5;}
        	public Object getItem(int arg0){return null;}
        	public long getItemId(int arg0){return 0;}
        	public View getView(int arg0,View arg1, ViewGroup arg2){
        		//动态生成每一个下拉项对应的View，每个下拉项View由LinearLayout
        		//中包含一个ImageView及一个TextView，由代码动态生成
        		LinearLayout ll = new LinearLayout(MyAndroidProject.this);
        		
        		ll.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);
        		ll.setPadding(5, 5, 5, 5);
        		ImageView ii = new ImageView(MyAndroidProject.this);
        		ii.setImageDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(drawableIds[arg0]));
        		ii.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);
        		ii.setLayoutParams(new Gallery.LayoutParams(100,98));
        		ll.addView(ii);
        		TextView tv = new TextView(MyAndroidProject.this);
        		tv.setText(getResources().getText(msgIds[arg0]));
        		tv.setTextSize(24);
        		tv.setTextColor(MyAndroidProject.this.getResources().getColor(R.color.white));
        		tv.setPadding(5, 5, 5, 5);
        		ll.addView(tv);
        		return ll;
        	
        		}
        	
        };
        lv.setAdapter(ba);
        lv.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener(){
        	public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0,View arg1, int arg2,long arg3){
        		TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
        		
        		LinearLayout ll = (LinearLayout)arg1;
        		
        		TextView tvn = (TextView)ll.getChildAt(1);
        		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        		
        		sb.append(getResources().getText(R.string.ys));
        		sb.append(":");
        		sb.append(tvn.getText());
        		String stemp = sb.toString();
        		tv.setText(stemp.split("\\n")[0]);
        	}
        	public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0){}
        });
        lv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener(){
        		public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0,View arg1,int arg2,long arg3){
        			TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1);
        			LinearLayout ll =(LinearLayout) arg1;
        			
        			TextView tvn = (TextView)ll.getChildAt(1);
        			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        			
        			sb.append(getResources().getText(R.string.ys));
        			sb.append(":");
        			sb.append(tvn.getText());
        			String stemp  = sb.toString();
        			tv.setText(stemp.split("\\n")[0]);
        		}
        });
    }  
}
4. 网络视图
GridView类同样位于android.widget包下。该视图将其空间以二维格式显示到表格中，而这些控件全部来自于ListAdapter适配器。
strings.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <string name="hello">当前无选中选项</string>
    <string name="app_name">Sample_5_3</string>
    <string name="andy">Andy Rubin</string>
    <string name="bill">Bill Joy</string>
    <string name="edgar">Edgar F. Codd</string>
    <string name="torvalds">Linus Torvalds</string>
    <string name="turing">Turing Alan</string>
    <string name="andydis">Android的创造者</string>
    <string name="billdis">Java创造者之一</string>
    <string name="edgardis">关系数据库之父</string>
    <string name="torvaldsdis">Linux之父</string>
    <string name="turingdis">IT的祖师爷</string>         
</resources>

colors.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <color name="red">#fd8d8d</color>
	<color name="green">#9cfda3</color>
	<color name="blue">#8d9dfd</color>
	<color name="white">#FFFFFF</color>
	<color name="black">#000000</color>
	<color name="gray">#050505</color>
</resources>
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    <TextView  
	    android:id="@+id/TextView01"
	    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
	    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
	    android:text="@string/hello"
	    android:textColor="@color/white"
	    android:textSize="24dip"/>
    <GridView 
	    android:id="@+id/GridView01" 
	    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
	    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
	    android:verticalSpacing="5dip"
	    android:horizontalSpacing="5dip"
	    android:stretchMode="columnWidth"/>
</LinearLayout>
grid_row.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout 
  android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01" 
  android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
  android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
  android:orientation="horizontal"
  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">  
	<ImageView 
	   android:id="@+id/ImageView01" 
	   android:scaleType="fitXY"
	   android:layout_width="100dip"
	   android:layout_height="98dip"/>
	<TextView 
	    android:id="@+id/TextView02" 
	    android:layout_width="100dip" 
	    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	    android:textColor="@color/white"
        android:textSize="24dip"
        android:paddingLeft="5dip"/>
	<TextView 
	    android:id="@+id/TextView03" 
	    android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
	    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
	    android:textColor="@color/white"
        android:textSize="24dip"
        android:paddingLeft="5dip"/>
</LinearLayout>
Activity:

package qijia.si;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;
public class GridDemo extends Activity {
	//所有资源图片（andy、bill、edgar、torvalds、turing）id的数组
	int[] drawableIds=
		{R.drawable.andy,R.drawable.bill,R.drawable.edgar,R.drawable.torvalds,R.drawable.turing};
	//所有资源字符串（andy、bill、edgar、torvalds、turing）id的数组
	int[] nameIds=
		{R.string.andy,R.string.bill,R.string.edgar,R.string.torvalds,R.string.turing};
	int[] msgIds=
		{R.string.andydis,R.string.billdis,R.string.edgardis,
			R.string.torvaldsdis,R.string.turingdis};
    public List<? extends Map<String, ?>> generateDataList(){
    	ArrayList<Map<String,Object>> list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();;
    	int rowCounter=drawableIds.length;//得到表格的行数
    	for(int i=0;i<rowCounter;i++){//循环生成每行的包含对应各个列数据的Map；col1、col2、col3为列名
    		HashMap<String,Object> hmap=new HashMap<String,Object>();
    		hmap.put("col1", drawableIds[i]);   //第一列为图片 		
    		hmap.put("col2", this.getResources().getString(nameIds[i]));//第二例为姓名
    		hmap.put("col3", this.getResources().getString(msgIds[i]));//第三列为描述
    		list.add(hmap);
    	}    	
    	return list;
	}
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        GridView gv=(GridView)this.findViewById(R.id.GridView01);        
        SimpleAdapter sca=new SimpleAdapter(
        	this,
        	generateDataList(), //数据List
        	R.layout.grid_row, //行对应layout id
        	new String[]{"col1","col2","col3"}, //列名列表
        	new int[]{R.id.ImageView01,R.id.TextView02,R.id.TextView03}//列对应控件id列表
        );
        gv.setAdapter(sca);//为GridView设置数据适配器
        gv.setOnItemSelectedListener(//设置选项选中的监听器
           new OnItemSelectedListener(){
        	   public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1,
					int arg2, long arg3) {//重写选项被选中事件的处理方法
        		   TextView tv=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.TextView01);//获取主界面TextView
        		   LinearLayout ll=(LinearLayout)arg1;//获取当前选中选项对应的LinearLayout
        		   TextView tvn=(TextView)ll.getChildAt(1);//获取其中的TextView 
        		   TextView tvnL=(TextView)ll.getChildAt(2);//获取其中的TextView 
        		   StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
        		   sb.append(tvn.getText());//获取姓名信息
        		   sb.append(" ");
        		   sb.append(tvnL.getText());//获取描述信息				
        		   tv.setText(sb.toString());//信息设置进主界面TextView		
        	   }
        	   public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0){}
           	}
        );  
        gv.setOnItemClickListener( //设置选项被单击的监听器
        	new OnItemClickListener(){
        	   public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View arg1, int arg2,
					long arg3) {//重写选项被单击事件的处理方法
        		   TextView tv=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.TextView01);//获取主界面TextView
        		   LinearLayout ll=(LinearLayout)arg1;//获取当前选中选项对应的LinearLayout
        		   TextView tvn=(TextView)ll.getChildAt(1);//获取其中的TextView 
        		   TextView tvnL=(TextView)ll.getChildAt(2);//获取其中的TextView 
        		   StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
        		   sb.append(tvn.getText());//获取姓名信息
        		   sb.append(" ");
        		   sb.append(tvnL.getText());//获取描述信息				
        		   tv.setText(sb.toString());//信息设置进主界面TextView	
        	   }        	   
           	}
        );        
    }
}

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