POI 生成带联动下拉框的excel表格

参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/cjbbk/p/7527276.html

解决POI3.17 与其它版本的不同的坑:https://blog.csdn.net/Weirdo_zhu/article/details/79912606

    3.17 非常详细:https://www.cnblogs.com/huajiezh/p/5467821.html

    参考:http://www.360doc.com/content/17/1101/11/40984640_699967795.shtml

POI 冻结某一行:

 在POI中 有createFreezePane方法能直接固定单元格,具体参数如下:

sheet.createFreezePane(int cellNum,int rowNum,int firstCellNum,int firstRollNum );

四个参数分别代表:
cellNum:表示要冻结的列数;
rowNum:表示要冻结的行数;
firstCellNum:表示被固定列右边第一列的列号;
firstRollNum :表示被固定行下边第一列的行号;

注意: 后2个参数均从0开始计算列号和行号,且firstCellNum>=cellNum &&firstRollNum >=cellNum
如:

 // 冻结第一行

sheet1.createFreezePane( 0, 1, 0, 1 ); 

// 冻结第一列 

sheet2.createFreezePane( 1, 0, 1, 0 ); 
sheet.createFreezePane(1,0,1,0);//就是固定了首列,列号的显示为:A,BCDEF... 
sheet.createFreezePane(1,0,3,0);
//固定了首列,列号的显示为:A,DEF...
//注意:BC列不是被隐藏,而是默认显示列为A,DEF,若想要看BC列,只需移动滚轮即可.行号同理 --------------------- 原文:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_24076135/article/details/77449898?utm_source=copy

 依赖:

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
            <version>3.17</version>
        </dependency>

注释,下拉选(生成execl基本使用)

package com.icil.esolution;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.DVConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Comment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CreationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Drawing;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.RichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraReactiveRepositoriesAutoConfiguration;

public class ReadExcelByPOITest {
    
    
    
    @Test
    public void CreateExceltest01() throws Exception {
        
                Workbook[] wbs = new Workbook[] { new HSSFWorkbook(), new XSSFWorkbook() };
             
                    Workbook workbook =  new HSSFWorkbook();
                    // 得到一个POI的工具类
                    CreationHelper createHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper();

                    // 在Excel工作簿中建一工作表,其名为缺省值, 也可以指定Sheet名称
                    Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet();
                    // Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("SheetName");

                    // 用于格式化单元格的数据
                    DataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat();

                    // 设置字体
                    Font font = workbook.createFont();
                    font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 20); // 字体高度
                    font.setColor(Font.COLOR_RED); // 字体颜色
                    font.setFontName("黑体"); // 字体
                 //   font.setBoldweight(Font.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD); // 宽度
                    font.setItalic(true); // 是否使用斜体
                    // font.setStrikeout(true); //是否使用划线

                    // 设置单元格类型
                    CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
                    cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); // 下边框    
                    cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);// 左边框    
                    cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);// 上边框    
                    cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);// 右边框 
                    cellStyle.setFont(font);
                 //   cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平布局:居中
                    cellStyle.setWrapText(true);

                    CellStyle cellStyle2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
                    cellStyle2.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("#, ## 0.0"));

                    CellStyle cellStyle3 = workbook.createCellStyle();
                    cellStyle3.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));

                    // 添加单元格注释
                    // 创建Drawing对象,Drawing是所有注释的容器.
                    Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
                    // ClientAnchor是附属在WorkSheet上的一个对象, 其固定在一个单元格的左上角和右下角.
                    ClientAnchor anchor = createHelper.createClientAnchor();
                    // 设置注释位子
                    anchor.setRow1(0);
                    anchor.setRow2(2);
                    anchor.setCol1(0);
                    anchor.setCol2(2);
                    // 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档
                    Comment comment = drawing.createCellComment(anchor);
                    // 设置注释内容
                    RichTextString str = createHelper.createRichTextString("hello sea");
                    comment.setString(str);
                    // 设置注释作者. 当鼠标移动到单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容.
                    comment.setAuthor("Sea");
                    
                    //注释方法2  
                    // 定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档
                    /**
                     * 前面四个参数:指定位置://从那一行开始,到那一行结束,从那一列开始,到那一列结束;
                     */
                    Comment comment1 = drawing.createCellComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,0,0, (short)4, 2 ,(short) 6, 5));
                    // 设置注释内容
                    comment1.setString(str);
                    
                    
                    //下拉选  //(int firstRow, int lastRow, int firstCol, int lastCol)  //从那一行开始,到那一行结束,从那一列开始,到那一列结束;
                    CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(0, 65535,0, 0); 
                    DVConstraint constraint =DVConstraint.createExplicitListConstraint(new String[] { "百度","阿里", "腾讯" });//限制只能选中这些值,否则报错
                    HSSFDataValidation dataValidate = new HSSFDataValidation(regions,constraint);
                    sheet.addValidationData(dataValidate);
                    
                    

                    // 定义几行
                    for (int rownum = 0; rownum < 10; rownum++) {
                        // 创建行
                        Row row = sheet.createRow(rownum);
                        // 创建单元格
                        Cell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
                        cell.setCellValue(createHelper.createRichTextString("Hello!" + rownum));// 设置单元格内容
                        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);// 设置单元格样式
                        cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);// 指定单元格格式:数值、公式或字符串
                        /**
                         * 说明注释是唯一的,只会加载一个地方,在for 循环中.默认会加载到最后一个地方
                         */
                        cell.setCellComment(comment);// 添加注释  
                     
                        // 格式化数据
                        Cell cell2 = row.createCell((short) 3); //参数表示在那一列显示(起始值为0)
                        cell2.setCellValue(11111.25);
                        cell2.setCellStyle(cellStyle2);
                       
                        
                        Cell cell3 = row.createCell((short) 7);
                        cell3.setCellValue(new Date());
                        cell3.setCellStyle(cellStyle3);
                       
                       

                        sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 1); // 调整第一列宽度 //数子是+1 列
                        sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 3); // 调整第二列宽度
                        sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 0); // 调整第三列宽度
                        sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) 7); // 调整第四列宽度

                    }

                    // 合并单元格//四个参数:前两个表示行:从哪行开始到哪一行结束   后面两个参数:从哪一列开始到哪以咧结束
                    sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1, // 第一行(0)
                            2, // last row(0-based)
                            1, // 第一列(基于0)
                            2 // 最后一列(基于0)
                    ));

                    // 保存
                    String filename = "/home/sea/Desktop/workbook01.xls";
                    if (workbook instanceof XSSFWorkbook) {
                        filename = filename + "x";
                    }

                    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename);
                    workbook.write(out);
                    out.close();
               
        
    }
}
View Code

自定义下拉选错误提示   可参考:http://wuhaidong.iteye.com/blog/2039848

/** * excel添加下拉数据校验 * @param sheet 哪个 sheet 页添加校验 * @param dataSource 数据源数组 * @param col 第几列校验(0开始) * @return */ public static DataValidation createDataValidation(Sheet sheet, String[] dataSource, int col) { CellRangeAddressList cellRangeAddressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, 65535, col, col); DataValidationHelper helper = sheet.getDataValidationHelper(); DataValidationConstraint constraint = helper.createExplicitListConstraint(dataSource); DataValidation dataValidation = helper.createValidation(constraint, cellRangeAddressList); //处理Excel兼容性问题 if (dataValidation instanceof XSSFDataValidation) { dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true); dataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true); } else { dataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false); } dataValidation.setEmptyCellAllowed(true); dataValidation.setShowPromptBox(true); dataValidation.createPromptBox("提示", "只能选择下拉框里面的数据"); return dataValidation; }


作者:赛亚人之神
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/3fb7feca9685
來源:简书
简书著作权归作者所有,任何形式的转载都请联系作者获得授权并注明出处。
View Code

未修改:联动

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.DVConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;

public class ExcelLinkage {

    // 样式
    private HSSFCellStyle cellStyle;

    // 初始化省份数据
    private List<String> province = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("湖南",
            "广东"));
    // 初始化数据(湖南的市区)
    private List<String> hnCity = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("长沙市",
            "邵阳市"));
    // 初始化数据(广东市区)
    private List<String> gdCity = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList("深圳市",
            "广州市"));

    public void setDataCellStyles(HSSFWorkbook workbook, HSSFSheet sheet) {
        cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        // 设置边框
        cellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        cellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        cellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        cellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
        // 设置背景色
        cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_GREEN.index);
        cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        // 设置居中
        cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_LEFT);
        // 设置字体
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setFontName("宋体");
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11); // 设置字体大小
        cellStyle.setFont(font);// 选择需要用到的字体格式
        // 设置单元格格式为文本格式(这里还可以设置成其他格式,可以自行百度)
        HSSFDataFormat format = workbook.createDataFormat();
        cellStyle.setDataFormat(format.getFormat("@"));
    }

    /**
     * 创建数据域(下拉联动的数据)
     * 
     * @param workbook
     * @param hideSheetName
     *            数据域名称
     */
    private void creatHideSheet(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String hideSheetName) {
        // 创建数据域
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(hideSheetName);
        // 用于记录行
        int rowRecord = 0;
        // 获取行(从0下标开始)
        HSSFRow provinceRow = sheet.createRow(rowRecord);
        // 创建省份数据
        this.creatRow(provinceRow, province);
        // 根据省份插入对应的市信息
        rowRecord++;
        for (int i = 0; i < province.size(); i++) {
            List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
            // 我这里是写死的 , 实际中应该从数据库直接获取更好
            if (province.get(i).toString().equals("湖南")) {
                // 将省份名称放在插入市的第一列, 这个在后面的名称管理中需要用到
                list.add(0, province.get(i).toString());
                list.addAll(hnCity);
            } else {
                list.add(0, province.get(i).toString());
                list.addAll(gdCity);
            }
            //获取行
            HSSFRow Cityrow = sheet.createRow(rowRecord);
            // 创建省份数据
            this.creatRow(Cityrow, list);
            rowRecord++;
            
        }

    }

    /**
     * 创建一列数据
     * 
     * @param currentRow
     * @param textList
     */
    public void creatRow(HSSFRow currentRow, List<String> text) {
        if (text != null) {
            int i = 0;
            for (String cellValue : text) {
                // 注意列是从(1)下标开始
                HSSFCell userNameLableCell = currentRow.createCell(i++);
                userNameLableCell.setCellValue(cellValue);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 名称管理
     * 
     * @param workbook
     * @param hideSheetName
     *            数据域的sheet名
     */
    private void creatExcelNameList(HSSFWorkbook workbook, String hideSheetName) {
        Name name;
        name = workbook.createName();
        // 设置省名称
        name.setNameName("province");
        name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$A$1:$"
                + this.getcellColumnFlag(province.size())+ "$1");
        // 设置省下面的市
        
        for (int i = 0; i < province.size(); i++) {
            List<String> num = new ArrayList<String>(); 
            if (province.get(i).toString().equals("湖南")) {
                name = workbook.createName();
                num.add(0,province.get(i).toString());
                num.addAll(hnCity);
                name.setNameName(province.get(i).toString());
                name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$B$" + (i + 2) + ":$"
                            + this.getcellColumnFlag(num.size()) + "$" + (i + 2));
            } else {
                name = workbook.createName();
                num.add(0,province.get(i).toString());
                num.addAll(gdCity);
                name.setNameName(province.get(i).toString());
                name.setRefersToFormula(hideSheetName + "!$B$" + (i + 2) + ":$"
                            + this.getcellColumnFlag(num.size()) + "$" + (i + 2));
            }
        }
    }

    // 根据数据值确定单元格位置(比如:28-AB)
    private String getcellColumnFlag(int num) {
        String columFiled = "";
        int chuNum = 0;
        int yuNum = 0;
        if (num >= 1 && num <= 26) {
            columFiled = this.doHandle(num);
        } else {
            chuNum = num / 26;
            yuNum = num % 26;

            columFiled += this.doHandle(chuNum);
            columFiled += this.doHandle(yuNum);
        }
        return columFiled;
    }

    private String doHandle(final int num) {
        String[] charArr = { "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J",
                "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V",
                "W", "X", "Y", "Z" };
        return charArr[num - 1].toString();
    }

    /**
     * 使用已定义的数据源方式设置一个数据验证
     * 
     * @param formulaString
     * @param naturalRowIndex
     * @param naturalColumnIndex
     * @return
     */
    public DataValidation getDataValidationByFormula(String formulaString,
            int naturalRowIndex, int naturalColumnIndex) {

        // 加载下拉列表内容
        DVConstraint constraint = DVConstraint
                .createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
        // 设置数据有效性加载在哪个单元格上。
        // 四个参数分别是:起始行、终止行、起始列、终止列
        int firstRow = naturalRowIndex;
        int lastRow = naturalRowIndex;
        int firstCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        int lastCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,
                lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
        // 数据有效性对象
        DataValidation data_validation_list = new HSSFDataValidation(regions,
                constraint);
        return data_validation_list;
    }

    /**
     * 创建一列数据
     * 
     * @param hssfSheet
     */
    public void creatAppRow(HSSFSheet hssfSheet, int naturalRowIndex) {
        // 获取行
        HSSFRow hssfRow = hssfSheet.createRow(naturalRowIndex);

        HSSFCell province = hssfRow.createCell(0);
        province.setCellValue("");
        province.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        HSSFCell City = hssfRow.createCell(1);
        City.setCellValue("");
        City.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        // 得到验证对象
        DataValidation data_validation_list1 = this.getDataValidationByFormula(
                "province", naturalRowIndex, 1);
        DataValidation data_validation_list2 = this
                .getDataValidationByFormula("INDIRECT($A"
                        + (naturalRowIndex + 1) + ")", naturalRowIndex, 2);
        // 工作表添加验证数据
        hssfSheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list1);
        hssfSheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list2);
    }

    public void Export() {
        try {
            File file = new File("F:/excel.xls");
            FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
            // 创建excel
            HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
            // 设置sheet 名称
            HSSFSheet excelSheet = workbook.createSheet("excel");
            // 设置样式
            this.setDataCellStyles(workbook, excelSheet);
            // 创建一个隐藏页和隐藏数据集
            this.creatHideSheet(workbook, "shutDataSource");
            // 设置名称数据集
            this.creatExcelNameList(workbook, "shutDataSource");
            // 创建一行数据
            for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
                this.creatAppRow(excelSheet,i);
                
            }
            workbook.write(outputStream);
            outputStream.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExcelLinkage linkage = new ExcelLinkage();
        linkage.Export();
    }
}
View Code

相关推荐